Because of this, those who have had duodenum bypass surgery must take iron supplements to stay healthy. Blake Flournoy is a writer, reporter, and researcher based out of Baltimore, MD. Working independently and alongside professors at Goucher College, they have produced and taught a number of educational programs and workshops for high school and college students in the Baltimore area, finding new ways to connect students to biology, psychology, and statistics.
They have never seen Seinfeld and are deathly scared of wasps. TL;DR Too Long; Didn't Read The duodenum, as the chamber connecting the stomach to the rest of the intestinal tract, functions as a processing plant for the mostly digested food called chyme and stomach acids coming from the stomach.
Facts About the Spleen. What Is Lipase? Functions of Human Organs. What Are the Functions of Nephridia in Earthworms? What Is the Primary Function of the Gallbladder? Finger-shaped structures called villi line the entire small intestine. They help absorb nutrients. Contractions move food through your small intestine. After you eat a meal, your small intestine contracts in a random, unsynchronized manner.
Food moves back and forth and mixes with digestive juices. Then stronger, wave-like contractions push the food farther down your digestive system.
These movements are known as peristalsis. Your enteric nervous system controls the movements in your small intestine. This is a network of nerves that runs from your esophagus to your anus. After food leaves your small intestine, contractions push any food that remains in your digestive tract into your large intestine. Water, minerals, and any nutrients are then absorbed from your food. The leftover waste is formed into a bowel movement.
Many conditions can damage or impair your small intestine. Among them are:. Irritable bowel syndrome IBS. This is a gastrointestinal GI disorder. It has many symptoms, including belly pain and cramps, diarrhea or constipation, and bloating. These symptoms generally occur without any visible signs of damage or disease to your digestive tract.
Celiac disease. This is an allergy to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Bile produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder acts as an emulsifier, breaking lipids into smaller globules to increase their surface area. Pancreatic juice contains many enzymes to break carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids into their monomer subunits. For example, pancreatic lipase breaks triglycerides, or fats, into glycerol and fatty acids that can be absorbed into the bloodstream by the intestinal wall.
These secretions are thoroughly mixed with the chyme by contractions of the duodenum until all of the digestible material is chemically digested. Slow waves of smooth muscle contraction known as peristalsis flow down the length of the gastrointestinal tract to push chyme through the duodenum. Each wave begins at the stomach and pushes chyme a short distance toward the jejunum. It takes many peristaltic contractions over the course of an hour for chyme to travel through the entire length of the duodenum.
Small regional contractions of the intestinal wall, known as segmentations, help to mix chyme with the digestive secretions in the duodenum and increase the rate of digestion.
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